Heat olive oil in a large pot over medium heat. Add your diced onion and cook for about 3 minutes until it's starting to soften and smell amazing. This is called sweating the onions, and it's the foundation of basically every good soup ever.
Toss in the minced garlic, carrots, and celery. Stir everything together and let it cook for another 2 minutes. You want the kitchen to smell like a cozy restaurant right now—that's how you know you're on the right track.
Sprinkle in the cumin, smoked paprika, and chili powder. Stir constantly for about 30 seconds so the spices wake up and bloom into the hot oil. Don't let them burn or they'll taste bitter—I learned that the hard way.
Pour in your vegetable broth and add the bay leaf. Give it a good stir and bring the whole thing to a boil over medium-high heat. Once it's boiling, reduce the heat to low and let it simmer for about 10 minutes.
Add both cans of drained black beans to the pot. Stir well and let everything simmer together for about 20 minutes. The black bean soup recipe comes alive during this part as all those flavors meld together.
Season with salt and black pepper, then taste it. Honestly, this is where you adjust to your liking—some people like it spicier, some want more cumin. Trust your taste buds here because you know what you like better than I do.
Remove the bay leaf and serve hot. You can mash some of the beans against the side of the pot if you want it thicker, or leave it chunky. I usually leave mine a little chunky because it has better texture that way.