Heat vegetable oil in a large skillet over medium-high heat until shimmering, approximately one minute. Add minced garlic and ginger, stirring constantly for 30 seconds until fragrant but not browned, as burnt aromatics bitter the entire dish.
Add ground beef, breaking it into small crumbles with a wooden spoon as it browns. Cook for 4-5 minutes, stirring occasionally, until the beef shows no pink and renders its fat, reaching an internal temperature of 160°F.
Pour off excess fat if desired, then add soy sauce, rice vinegar, hoisin sauce, and sesame oil, stirring to coat every piece of beef. Simmer for 1 minute to allow the beautiful ground beef lettuce wraps filling to marry flavors without reducing the sauce too much.
Add shredded carrots, sliced mushrooms, and water chestnuts, tossing continuously for 2 minutes until the vegetables warm through and soften slightly but maintain crunch. Don't overcook this step—the vegetables should retain textural contrast.
Fold in green onions and sriracha, tasting and adjusting heat level to preference. Remove from heat and stir in fresh cilantro just before serving, preserving its bright, herbal quality.
While the filling cooks, arrange butter lettuce leaves on a serving platter, slightly overlapping them for visual appeal. Place a spoon inside each leaf so guests can fill their own wraps, making it an interactive, beautiful easy dinner experience.